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发表于 2007-5-16 01:22:02
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摘抄自CDC-MMWR中关于诺瓦克病毒公共安全和暴发管理中的一段
Person-to-Person Transmission
Person-to-person spread of NLVs occurs by direct fecal-oral and airborne transmission.
Such transmission plays a role in propagating NLV disease outbreaks, notably in
institutional settings (e.g., nursing homes and day care centers) and on cruise ships.
Although interruption of person-to-person transmission can be difficult, certain measures
might help. Frequent handwashing with soap and water is an effective means of prevention.
The recommended procedure is to rub all surfaces of lathered hands together vigorously
for >10 seconds and then thoroughly rinse the hands under a stream of water. Because
spattering or aerosols of infectious material might be involved in disease transmission,
wearing masks should be considered for persons who clean areas substantially contaminated
by feces or vomitus (e.g., hospital or nursing home personnel). Soiled linens and
clothes should be handled as little as possible and with minimum agitation. They should
be laundered with detergent at the maximum available cycle length and then machine
dried. Because environmental surfaces have been implicated in the transmission of enteric
viruses, surfaces that have been soiled should be cleaned with an appropriate germicidal
product (e.g., 10% solution of household bleach) according to the manufacturer’s
instructions. In situations in which the epidemic is extended by periodic renewal of the
susceptible population (e.g., camps and cruise ships), the facility or institution might have
to be closed until it can be cleaned appropriately.
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发表于 2007-5-16 01:22:00
