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发表于 2011-2-21 22:03:02
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桃版，你好！
我尝试翻译了一下，便于战友们阅读，如有不足之处，请予以补充！
翻译如下：What is a Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)?
A “pneumonia” is an infection of the lungs. A “ventilator” is a machine that helps a patient breathe by giving oxygen through a tube. The tube can be placed in a patient’s mouth, nose, or through a hole in the front of the neck. The tube is connected to a ventilator. A “ventilator-associated pneumonia” or “VAP” is a lung infection or pneumonia that develops in a person who is on a ventilator.
什么是呼吸机肺炎？ “肺炎”是肺部感染的一种。 “呼吸机“是一台通过软管帮助病人给养的机器。该管可放置在病人的口、鼻、或通过个颈前孔。管连接到呼吸机。“呼吸机相关性肺炎”或“VAP”是使用呼吸机的病患形成的肺部感染或肺炎。
Why do patients need a ventilator?
A patient may need a ventilator when he or she is very ill or during and after surgery. Ventilators can be life-saving, but they can also increase a patient’s chance of getting pneumonia by making it easier for germs to get into the patient’s lungs.
为什么病患需要呼吸机？危重病患或者术后病患需要使用呼吸机。呼吸机可以挽救生命，然而这也使细菌更容易进入病患体内从而导致感染肺炎的几率增加。
What are some of the things that hospitals are doing to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia?
Keep the head of the patient’s bed raised between 30 and 45 degrees unless other medical conditions do not allow this to occur.
Check the patient’s ability to breathe on his or her own every day so that the patient can be taken off of the ventilator as soon as possible.
Clean their hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub before and after touching the patient or the ventilator.
Clean the inside of the patient’s mouth on a regular basis.
Clean or replace equipment between use on different patients.
为预防呼吸机肺炎，医院需要做什么？
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HOB：提高病人的床头位置30度~45度，除非医疗条件不允许；
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每天核查病患自主呼吸的能力以便可以尽早移除呼吸机；
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医护人员在接触病患或者呼吸机前执行手卫生，即用肥皂水或者乙醇为基础的擦手清洁双手；
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定期清理病患口腔
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不同病患间使用VAP要注意消毒
What can I do to help prevent VAP?
If you smoke, quit. Patients who smoke get more infections. If you are going to have surgery and will need to be on a venti lator, talk to your doctor before your surgery about how you can quit smoking.
Family members can ask about raising the head of the bed.
Family members can ask when the patient will be allowed to try breathing on his or her own.
Family members can ask doctors, nurses, and other healthcare providers to clean their hands.
Family members can ask about how often healthcare providers clean the patient’s mouth.
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预防VAP，我们能做什么？如果你吸烟，请戒烟。吸烟患者更易感染；
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如果你要接受手术并且将使用到呼吸机，跟你的主治医生咨询如何在术前戒烟；家属可以咨询主治医生提高床头的必要性；
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家属可以咨询主治医生，病人何时可以自主呼吸；
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家属可以要求医生，护士和其他医护人员清洁双手；
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家属可以询问医护人员多久清洁病患的口腔？
Can VAP be treated?
VAP can be a very serious infection. Most of the time, these infections can be treated with antibiotics. The choice of antibiotics depends on which specific germs are causing the infection. Your healthcare provider will decide which antibiotic is best.
VAP能够治疗吗？
VAP是种严重的感染。通常，这些感染可以通过抗生素治疗。抗生素的选择取决于感染了何种病菌。你的主治医生将决定哪种抗生素对你是最好的。
If you have questions, please ask your doctor or nurse.
如果您有疑问，请咨询您的主治医生或者护士。
VAP faq.doc
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